Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost every person at least once in his life faced one or another of its manifestations. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a certain type and location: papillomas on the body, mucosa, convex and flat warts on arms and legs, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single or multiple. Choosing an effective cure for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenerologist.
Types of drugs for HPV
The drugs used in the treatment of HPV are divided into the following groups:
- Antiviral.
- Immunostimulants.
- Means for the destruction of neoplasms.
First you need to determine the nature of the neoplasm: sometimes it is difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a mole or condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, determine the type of virus, as some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Anti-papilloma drugs can be used in combination or separately.
Antiviral
Drug treatment of skin neoplasms caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs from this group. They have a harmful effect on the virus, prevent its reproduction and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Particularly popular are pharmaceutical preparations, which are produced in several dosage forms: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. Usually, with single formations, local application may be sufficient.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the procedure of laser therapy, electrocoagulation, and after it they provide high efficiency of treatment and prevention of relapses.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic antiviral drugs:
- High-risk and potentially high-oncological HPV infection, confirmed by PCR;
- numerous papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- states of primary and secondary immunodeficiency (when the body cannot cope with the viral load itself).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most drugs are available with a prescription.
Which antiviral drugs are considered the most effective and are able to get rid of papillomas?
Inosine tablets
The drug is available in tablets. This is one of the most popular cures for papilloma today. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). It has a complex effect:
- blocks the enzymes of the virus, causing its death;
- activates interferon production;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the formation of inflammatory mediators.
2 tablets per day for 2 weeks are prescribed, if necessary, it is possible to extend the course of treatment up to a month. It can be used in children over 3 years old.
During the reception, nausea, headache, worsening of gout may appear.
Medicines based on meglumine acridone acetate
The drug is available in two forms: injection and tablets. The active ingredient is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is interferon induction.
Effects:
- antiviral;
- immunomodulatory;
- anti-inflammatory.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Glycoside-based agents isolated from nightshade stems
Form of release: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, inlay with spray gel for the treatment of the oral cavity, intimate spray gel for the treatment of papillomas in the genitals. The active substance is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stems.
This is a modern antiviral drug with a broad spectrum of action:
- anti-inflammatory,
- immunomodulatory,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the other 5 times in 3 days. Local formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. Ointment and gel are allowed to be used during pregnancy and lactation.
Immunostimulants
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction in the body. Medicines of this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, consultation with an immunologist and an additional examination (immunogram) is necessary.
By themselves, immunostimulants cannot get rid of external manifestations of human papillomavirus. But with confirmed lack of immunity, they should be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antifungal agents.
Immunostimulants are forbidden to use:
- during pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies with a prescription. Which of the drugs of this group is more effective?
Compositions for the destruction of papilloma
Medicines of this group have a direct medicinal effect on papilloma. They contain aggressive ingredients that destroy epithelial cells. Which of them are the most popular among doctors and patients and are they able to get rid of HPV-related skin neoplasms?
Antifreeze drugs
Papilloma is affected by a temperature of -57 ° C, which leads to a violation of the blood supply and necrosis. The drug is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription.
The product should not be used on areas with delicate skin (face, axillary region, intimate areas) and mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle of a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam rubber applicator. In one session, several formations can be processed. Exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. The fall of the papilloma occurs in 10-14 days. To remove the formation, 1 to 4 procedures are required.
Drops based on methchrysol
Point for external use with an included applicator. This is a relatively new effective drug for papillomas. The main component is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, leads to the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The medicine is applied to the elements very carefully, in the direction of the point. If a drop of the solution falls on the surrounding healthy tissue, it should be removed immediately with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times, with an interval of a few minutes, after the previous layer has dried.
It is impossible to treat papillomas located in skin folds, interdigital spaces with the drug.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital area to a medical professional.
Preparation based on a mixture of acids
The release form is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local application and a glass capillary for the treatment of large surfaces.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic. Drops of the solution cause a chemical burn of the tissue, which leads to mummification of the papilloma.
The agent is gently applied to the affected area until its color changes. After the effect of this drug on the papilloma, a crust is created on its surface, which disappears by itself after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure must be repeated.
Treatment results
After the use of drugs, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs for papillomas is to remove external manifestations, strengthen immunity and achieve the transition of HPV infection to a latent form. Only local influence is possible with single formations on the body. In other cases, its effectiveness is 25-50%.
What conditions are necessary to achieve the best result?
- full diagnostics;
- combined approach to treatment;
- choosing the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful treatment of papillomavirus is to seek medical help in time. There are many drugs for papilloma, and a specialist must determine which is best for a person in each case.